Ultrasound produces soundwaves that generate mechanical energy. These waves cause oscillation and vibration of the molecules after entering into the tissue. The oscillation results in heat generation that brings thermal and non-thermal changes.
How to Perform Therapeutic Ultrasound in Physiotherapy?
Ultrasound is applied directly on the patient’s skin with a round-headed probe. Since ultrasonic waves require a medium for transmission, ultrasonic gel should be used on the probe. The probe has specialized crystals that are responsible for soundwave vibration and pass energy into the tissue, causing the therapeutic benefits.
The following precautions should be followed when using ultrasound:
The head of the applicators should be moving throughout the treatment.
The ultrasound beam (treatment head) should be perpendicular to the treatment area for best results.
All parameters (intensity, duration, and mode) need to be considered carefully for desired therapeutic effects. Consider using the lowest intensity to produce a therapeutic response.
When to Use Ultrasound?
Ultrasound is helpful in treating the following conditions:
Inflammation (mainly bursitis or tendonitis)
Chronic pain
Ligaments injuries or sprains
Muscle tears or strains
Tightness or contractures (to improve range of motion)
